Delphi¤¤ªº¦r²´(Tokens) ³o¤@½g¤å³¹¥Dn¦b¤¶²Ðºc¦¨ Delphi µ{¦¡ªº³Ì¤p³æ¦ì--- ¦r²´(Token)¡C ¤°»ò¬O¦r²´(Tokens) ¦b¶}©l°Q½× "¤°»ò¬O¦r²´?" ¤§«e¡AÅý§ÚÌ¥ý¬Ý©³¤U³oÓ²µuªºµ{¦¡¡C program Project1; uses dialogs; begin Messagedlg('Hello',mtInformation,[mbOK],0) ; end. µ{¦¡°õ¦æ«á·|¦bµe±¥X²{¤W¤@Ó¤p¤pªºµøµ¡¡A¨ÃÅã¥ÜHelloªº¦r¼Ë¡C ¦b³oùØ¥ý¤£»¡©ú³oÓµ{¦¡¬O¦p¦ó°õ¦æªº¡Aºc¦¨³oÓµ{¦¡ªº^¤å¦r¡B¼Æ¦r¡B²Å¸¹¡A¤~¬O§ÚÌn°Q½×ªº«ÂI---¦r²´¡C §ÚÌ¥i±N¦r²´¤jP¤ÀÃþ¬°¯S®í²Å¸¹(special symbols)¡BÃѧO¦r(inditifiers)¡B¼ÐÅÒ(labels)¡B¼Æ¦r©M¦r¤¸¦r¦ê¡C·íµMÁÙ¥i¥H¦A¥H¥\¯à¤è±¦A°µ²Ó¤À, ©³¤U±N³v¤@¤¶²Ð. ¦b Object Pascal ¤¤ªº¤ÀÃþ ³oùتº¤ÀÃþ¤èªk¡A¥Dn¨Ì¾ÚDelphi¤â¥U(Object Pascal Language Guide)¤¤ªº¤ÀÃþ¡A¦A¥[¤W¤@¨Ç½d¨Ò¤Î»¡©ú¡C ¯S®í²Å¸¹ ¯S®í²Å¸¹: + - * / = > < ( ) [ ] { } , . : ; @ # $ ^ >= <= := .. (* *) (. .) // ¦³¤@¨Ç¯S®í²Å¸¹¨ã¦³¬Ûµ¥ªº·N¸q¡A¦p¤Uªí¥ª¥k¨âÃ䪺²Å¸¹ªí¥Ü¬Û¦Pªº·N«ä¡C ²Å¸¹ ¹ïµ¥ªº²Å¸¹ [ (. ] .) { (* } *) ÁöµM¤Wªíªº²Å¸¹¦³¹ïµ¥ªºÃö«Y¡A¦ý¬O¥²»Ý¦¨¹ï¥X²{¡A§_«h¦b½sĶ®É·|²£¥Í¿ù»~¡C¨Ò¦p { } (* *) ¥¿½T { *) ¿ù»~ ¥t¥~ÁÙ¦³¤@Ãþ´N¬OªÅ¥Õ(blanks)¡A³oùتºªÅ¥Õªx«üASCIIȱq0..31ªº±±¨î¦r¤¸¤ÎªÅ¥Õ¦r¤¸(ASCII 32)¡CªÅ¥Õ¥i©ñ¦b¦r²´»P¦r²´¤§¶¡°µ¬°°Ï¹j¡A¦b½sĶ®É¡A°µ¬°°Ï¹j¥ÎªºªÅ¥Õ¦r¼Æ¦Ü¤Ö¦³¤@Ó´N¥i¥H¤F¡C¤£¹L¤@¯ë¦b¼¶¼gµ{¦¡®É³q±`³£·|¦h´¡¤J¤@¨ÇªÅ¥Õ(ªÅ®æ©ÎªÅ¦æ)¡A¥H¼W¥[¬üÆ[¤Î¤è«K¾\Ū¡C ÃѧO¦r(identifiers) ÃѧO¦r´N¬O¤@Ó¥H^¤å¦r¥À¡A¼Æ¦r©M©³½u(_¡AASCII 95)©Ò²Õ¦X¦¨ªº¤@Ó¦W¦r(¤£¥i¥H¬O¼Æ¦r¶}ÀY)¡A¥i¥H¬O¤@Ó¦³·N¸qªº^¤å³æ¦r¡A¤]¥i¯à¬O¤@Ó§¹¥þ¨S¦³·N¸q¡AÀH«K°Â¥X¨Óªº¦r¥À²Õ¦X¡C ¦bObject Pascal¤¤ÃѧO¦r¬O¤£°Ï¤À¤j¤p¼gªº¡CÁöµM¦b¼¶¼gµ{¦¡ªº®ÉÔ¥i¥H¤ñ¸ûÀH¿³ªº¨Ï¥Î¡A¦ý¬O³]©wÅܼƮɻݪ`·N¡ACount©Mcount¹ï½sĶ¾¹¨Ó»¡¬O¦P¤@Ó¦r¡C ÃѧO¦r¤¤¦³¨âºØ¤ñ¸û¯S§OªºÃþ§O¡A´N¬O«O¯d¦r(reserved word)©M¼Ð·Ç«ü¥O(standard directives)¡A¦bDelphi³£¬O¥H²ÊÅé¦rÅã¥Ü(¹w³]È)¡C ³o¨âÃþ³£¬OObject Pascal©w¸q¦nªº«ü¥O¡A¨âªÌªº°Ï§O¦b«O¯d¦r¤£¥i¥H«·s©w¸q¡A¦Ó¼Ð·Ç«ü¥O¥i¥H¡A¦ý¬O±j¯Pªº«Øij¤£n«·s©w¸q¼Ð·Ç«ü¥O¡C ¥H¤U¤À§O¬O«O¯d¦r©M¼Ð·Ç«ü¥Oªº¦Cªí: «O¯d¦r: and array as asm begin case class const constructor destructor div do downto else end except exports file finalization finally for function goto if implementation in inherited initialization inline interface is label library mod nil not object of on or packed procedure program property raise record repeat set shl shr string then threadvar to try type unit until uses var while with xor ¼Ð·Ç«ü¥O: absolute abstract assembler automated cdecl default dispid dynamic export external far forward index message name near nodefault override pascal private protected public published read register resident stdcall stored virtual write °£¤F¤Wzªº«O¯d¦r©M¼Ð·Ç«ü¥O¥~¡A¨ä¥L¹³¬O±`¼Æ¡BÅܼơBµ{§Ç¦WºÙ¡B¨ç¼Æ¦WºÙ¡B«¬ºA¡B³æ¤¸¦WºÙ¡K ¤]³£¬O¤@ºØÃѧO¦r¡A¥²¶·¿í¦u¤U¦Cªº¨î¡C O ÃѧO¦rªºªø«×¤£¡A¦ý¬ODelphi¥u»{±o«e±63Ӧ줸²Õ¡C O ¥²»Ý¬O¥H^¤å¦r¥À©Î©³½u(_¡AASCII 95)¶}ÀY¡A¨ä«á¥i¥H¬O^¤å¦r¥À¡A¼Æ¦r©Î¬O©³½u¡C O ¤£°Ï¤À^¤åªº¤j¤p¼g¡C O ·í¦³´XÓ¦P¦WªºÃѧO¦r¦s¦b®É¡A¥i¯à»Ýn¥Î¥yÂI(.¡AASCII 46)¨Ó³sµ²§O¤@ÓÃѧO¦r°µ¬°°Ï¤À¡C¨Ò¦p form1.caption¡Alabel1.caption¡C¦b³oùاÚ̧â³oºØ¥Î¥yÂI³sµ²°_¨ÓªºÃѧO¦r¡AºÙ¬°©wµüÃѧO¦r(Qualified Identifier)¡C ¼ÐÅÒ(labels) ¼ÐÅÒ¥Dn¬O©M·f°tgoto¨Ï¥Îªº¡A¼Ð¥Ügoton¸õ¨ì¨º¤@Ó¦ì¸m¡C¼ÐÅÒ¥i¥H¬O¤@ÓÃѧO¦r¡A©Î¬O0¨ì9999¶¡ªº¤@ӼƦr¦ê¦C(«e¸mªº0·|³Q©¿²¤)¡C«Å§i¤Î¨Ï¥Îªº½d¨Ò¦p¤U: procedure test ; label OutHere, 0005 ; begin goto 5 ; showmessage('¤£·|°õ¦æ¨ì³o¤@¦æ') ; goto OutHere ; 0005: ShowMessage('·|°õ¦æ³o¤@¦æ') ; OutHere: end ; ¼ÐÅÒ¥»¨¤£·|¼vÅT¨ìµ{¦¡ªº°õ¦æ¡A¥u¦³·í°õ¦æ¨ìgoto¤~·|Âಾµ{¦¡ªº¬yµ{¡C ¼Æ¦r ¦bObject Pascal¤¤¨Ï¥Îªº¼Æ¦r¨t²Î¡A°£¤F¤@¯ëºD¥Îªº¤Q¶i¦ì¼Æ¦r¤§¥~¡AÁÙ¥i¥H¨Ï¥Î¤uµ{ªí¥Üªk¨Óªí¥Ü¤@Ó¹ê¼Æ¡A©Î¬O¥Î16¶i¦ìªk¨Óªí¥Ü¤@Ó¥¿¾ã¼Æ¡C O ¤Q¶i¦ì¼Æ¦r¡C¤S¥i¤À¬°¾ã¼Æ©M¹ê¼Æ¡Aªí¥Üªk´N¬O§Ṳ́@¯ëªººD¥Îªk¡A¦p 123¡A-1¡A3.14¡A-0.5 ¡K½Ñ¦p¦¹Ãþ¡C O ¤uµ{ªí¥Üªk¡C¨Ï¥ÎE¨Óªí¥Ü10ªº¦¸¤è¡A¨Ò¦p7E-2 ªí¥Ü 7*10^(-2)¡A¤]´N¬O 0.07¡C O 16¶i¦ìªk¡C¦b¶}ÀY¥[¤W¿ú¸¹($¡AASCII 36)¨Óªí¥Ü¤@Ó16¶i¦ìªº¥¿¾ã¼Æ¡A¨Ò¦p $FFFF ªí¥Ü 65536¡C16¶i¦ì¥i¥Hªí¥Üªº¼Æ¦r½d³ò±q$00000000¨ì $FFFFFFFF¡C ¦r¤¸¦r¦ê ¤@¦ê¥H³æ¤Þ¸¹('¡AASCII 39)¥]§¨¦íªº¦r¤¸¡A§Ú̺٤§¬°¦r¤¸¦r¦ê¡C¤U±¬O¤@¨Ç¨Ò¤l: '123' { 123 } 'Pascal' { Pascal } '¤¤¤å' { ¤¤¤å } '' { (ªÅ¦r¦ê) } ' ' { (¤@Ӫťզr¤¸) } °£¤F³oºØ³Ì²³æªºÀ³¥Î¥~¡AÁÙ¦³¤@¨Ç¯S©Ê¤ÎÀ³¥Î¤èªk¡A¦CÁ|¦p¤U: O ¦b¦r¦ê¤¤¡A¥i¥H¥Î³sÄò¨âÓ³æ¤Þ¸¹¨Óªí¥Ü³æ¤Þ¸¹¦r¤¸¡C¨Ò¦p: 'I''m fine' { I'm fine } O ¦r¤¸¦r¦êªºªø«×§Y¬°ªí¥Ü³oÓ¦r¦ê¬O¥Ñ´XÓASCII¦r¤¸©Òºc¦¨(¦b Delphi 16¦ì¤¸ª©¥»¤¤, ¦r¤¸¦r¦êªº³Ì¤jªø«×¬°255)¡Cª`·N¡A¤@Ó¤¤¤å¦r¬O¥Ñ¨âÓ ASCII¦r¤¸©Òºc¦¨ªº¡C O ·í¦r¤¸¦r¦êªºªø«×¬°1ªº®ÉÔ»P¦r¤¸«¬ºA(char)¬Û®e¡C O ¥i¥H§Q¥Î#¦r¸¹¥[¤W¤@ӼƦr(0..255)¨Óªí¥Ü¹ïÀ³ªºASCII¦r¤¸¡C³q±`§Ú̥γoºØ¤è¦¡¥i¥H¦b¦r¦ê¤¤¥[¤W¤@¨Ç±±¨î¦r¤¸¡C¦b#¸¹©M¼Æ¦rªº«e«á³£¤£¥i¥H¦³ªÅ¥Õ¡C ¥¿½Tªº¥Îªk: '²Ä¤@¦æ'#13'²Ä¤G¦æ' { ²Ä¤@¦æ(´«¦æ)²Ä¤G¦æ } #65#66#67 { ABC } ¿ù»~ªº¥Îªk: '²Ä¤@¦æ' #13 '²Ä¤G¦æ' { ¦b # «e¦³ªÅ®æ, ¿ù»~ } # 65 { # ©M¼Æ¦r¶¡¦³ªÅ®æ, ¿ù»~ } O ·í½sĶ¿ï¶µ Extended Syntax ¥´¶}®É{$X+}¡A¦r¤¸¦r¦ê¥i¬Û®e©óPChar®æ¦¡¡C µùÄÀ ¦bµ{¦¡¤§¤¤¡A¦³¤@¨Ç¬On¼gµ¹¤H¬Ý¡AÀ°¦í°O¾Ð©Î¬O»¡©úµ{¦¡ªº¦r¥y¡A¬°¤Fn§â³o¨Ç¦r¥y©M¯u¥¿ªºµ{¦¡¤À¶}¡A¦b Object Pascal ¤¤©w¸q¤F´XºØ²Å¸¹¡A§âµ¹½sĶ¾¹¬Ýªºµ{¦¡©MÅý¤H¬ÝªºµùÄÀ¤À¹j¶}¨Ó¡C O ¹ïºÙªº¤j¬A¸¹ { } { ¹³³o¼Ë¦b³Q§¨¦b¥ª¡B¥k¤j¬A¸¹¤§¶¡ªº¤å¦r³£¬Oµù¸Ñ } { ¥ª¥k¤j¬A¸¹¤£¤@©wn¦b¦P¤@¦æ¡A¦ý¤£¥i¦³±_ª¬ªºµù¸Ñ¡C ª`·N: ¦³¨Ç¤¤¤å¦rªº²Ä¤GÓ¦r¤¸¬O¥k¤j¬A¸¹¡A·|³y¦¨½sĶ®Éªº ¿ù»~¡C } ¦bDelphi 2.01 ¤¤¤åÀ³¥Î²Õ¥ó¤ÎDelphi 3.0¤¤¤w¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃD¡C O ¹ïºÙªº¤p¬A¸¹¥[¤W¬P¸¹ (* *) (* ¨Ï¥Î¤èªk¦P¹ïºÙªº¤j¬A¸¹¡A¤£¹L¦]¬°¬O¥Î¨âÓ½X¡A©Ò¥H¤£·|¥X²{»P¤¤¤å¬Û½Äªºª¬ªp¡C *) O ³sÄò¨âÓ°£¸¹ // // ªí¥Ü±q¨âÓ°£¸¹¤§«á¨ì¦æ§À³£¬Oµù¸Ñ(³æ¦æ¦³®Ä)¡C // ³oºØµù¸Ñ¤è¦¡¥u¦³¦bDelphi 2.0 ¤§«á¤~¥i¨Ï¥Î¡C ¦bObject Pascal¤¤¡A½sĶ¾¹«ü¥O(compiler directives)¬O¤@ºØ¯S®íªºµù¸Ñ¡A¸Ô²Óªº»¡©ú¥i°Ñ¦Ò IFDEF.DOC¡C |